Understanding the potential link between poor oral hygiene and increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

As Alzheimer’s disease cases increase in America, many scientists and experts are looking to find the cause of this debilitating disease. In 2020, 5.8 million Americans were living with the disease. And by 2060, the CDC predicts 14 million Americans will suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. A recent study may shine a light on some of the causes of Alzheimer’s disease, and it starts in an unlikely place: The gums.

Can Gingivitis Lead to Alzheimer’s Disease?

A 2019 study published in Science Advances shows a link between gum disease and Alzheimer’s disease. A bacteria called Porphyromonas gingivalis is often the cause of gingivitis and gum disease. This bacteria does not need oxygen to survive and can often be found hiding under the gum line and between layers of plaque. It can cause your gums to swell and bleed.

While gingivitis and gum diseases are common and can be prevented with proper brushing and flossing, it was not until recently that the bacteria has been shown as a possible cause of Alzheimer’s disease.

The gum disease bacteria can move from the mouth to the brain. Once in the brain, the bacteria releases an enzyme called gingipains. A study of deceased Alzheimer’s patients found that nearly all of them had increased levels of gingipain. And a study published by JAMDA found that people who have lost teeth are more likely to experience cognitive decline

How to Prevent Gum Disease and Reduce the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease

The first step to preventing gum disease is with proper oral hygiene and regular dentist visits. Brush your teeth twice a day, for two to three minutes. Floss daily to remove plaque from hard to reach areas. And if you smoke, stop.

Signs that you may have gum disease include bad breath, loose teeth, inflamed gums, bleeding gums and gums that are receding from the teeth. Talk with your dentist about gum health and gingivitis. They may recommend a therapeutic mouthwash.

The link between gum disease and Alzheimer’s is still being carefully studied, but taking better care of your teeth and gums is one simple way to lessen the risk of mental decline. Any method that may prevent Alzheimer’s disease is one worth exploring.
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